Disclaimer

Effective date: September 3, 2026
Last updated: September 3, 2026

This Disclaimer governs your use of the information published on ciber-media.com (the “Site”), operated by Ciber Media from Toronto, Ontario, Canada. It forms part of our Terms & Conditions. By using the Site you accept it. If you do not accept it, please do not use the Site.

1. Information only — no professional advice

Everything on the Site is published for general information, education and journalistic purposes. It is not professional advice and must not be relied on as a substitute for it.

In particular, and without limiting the generality of the above:

No security advice. Our cybersecurity reporting describes publicly disclosed incidents, published research and vendor guidance. It is not a security assessment of your environment, not a recommendation of any particular control, product or configuration for your circumstances, and not a substitute for a qualified security professional who understands your systems, your risk profile and your regulatory obligations. Decisions about patching, incident response, architecture, vendor selection and disclosure should be made with appropriate professional input.
No legal advice. Where we describe legislation, regulations, court decisions, compliance deadlines or enforcement actions, we are reporting on them, not advising you. Laws differ between jurisdictions, are amended, are subject to transitional provisions, and are interpreted by courts and regulators in ways that may not be obvious from the text. Consult a qualified lawyer admitted in the relevant jurisdiction before acting on anything you read here.
No financial or investment advice. Articles about funding rounds, valuations, IPOs, acquisitions, company earnings and market conditions are journalism, not investment research, and nothing on the Site is an offer, solicitation or recommendation to buy, sell or hold any security or other financial instrument, or to make or refrain from making any investment. We are not registered as an investment adviser or dealer in any jurisdiction. Valuations and financial figures reported here may be estimates, may be based on private transactions, and may be superseded. Investment decisions should be made with a licensed adviser who knows your circumstances.
No tax or accounting advice. References to tax credits, incentive programs, grants or accounting treatment — including Canadian programs such as SR&ED — are descriptive only. Eligibility and treatment depend on facts we do not know about you. Consult a qualified accountant or tax adviser.
No business or employment advice. Commentary on startups, funding strategy, hiring, market entry or operating practice is general observation, not a recommendation for your business.

No professional relationship arises between you and Ciber Media, or between you and any of our contributors, by reason of your reading the Site, contacting us, or acting on anything published here.

2. Accuracy, completeness and currency

We take considerable care with facts. We prefer primary sources, we verify figures against the originals, we state when sources conflict, and we correct errors when we find them or when they are pointed out to us. Even so:

We make no warranty that the Content is accurate, complete, current or free from error. It is provided “as is” and “as available”.
Articles are snapshots. Each article reflects the facts as we understood them on its publication date. Technology, security situations, corporate ownership, product availability, pricing, funding status and the law all change — sometimes within days. We do not systematically revisit or update published articles, and the absence of an update is not a statement that an article remains current.
Figures may be estimates. Market sizes, private-company valuations, breach scope, user counts, energy consumption and similar figures are frequently estimates produced by third parties using undisclosed methodologies. Where we can identify a figure as an estimate or as contested, we say so; where a source does not disclose its method, we cannot verify it.
Forward-looking statements. Anything describing what may happen — roadmaps, forecasts, expected deadlines, anticipated effects of a regulation — is inherently uncertain and is not a prediction we stand behind as fact.
Translation and automated summaries. If any part of the Site is translated or summarized by an automated tool, whether ours or a third party’s, the original English version prevails and we are not responsible for errors introduced by that process.

Verify before you act. If a decision matters — a patch deadline, a compliance obligation, a funding claim, a product capability — check the primary source we link to and confirm its current status yourself.

3. Corrections policy

We correct material errors of fact. Where we do, we amend the article and, where the correction is substantive, note what changed and when. If you believe something we published is wrong, write to [email protected] with the article URL, the passage in question, what you believe the correct position is, and a source we can check. We respond to correction requests either way.

A request to remove accurate but unflattering reporting is not a correction request, and we do not remove accurate journalism on request.

4. Security reporting: scope and limits

Our security coverage is descriptive reporting on matters already in the public domain — vendor advisories, CVE records, government bulletins, published threat-intelligence research, court filings and company disclosures.

We do not publish exploit code, working proof-of-concept material, attack tooling, or step-by-step instructions that would help someone carry out an attack.
Mitigation guidance we describe is a summary of what the vendor or the relevant authority has published. Always obtain the current advisory from the vendor before acting: advisories are revised, patches are re-released, and workarounds are withdrawn.
Severity ratings such as CVSS scores are assigned by third parties and sometimes differ between the vendor, NVD and other databases. Where we notice such a discrepancy we report it; the score in any case does not describe the risk to your specific environment.
Nothing on the Site authorizes you to test, scan or attack any system you do not own or have written permission to test. Unauthorized access to a computer system is a criminal offence in Canada under section 342.1 of the Criminal Code and under comparable law elsewhere.

5. Products, vendors and reviews

Where we describe a product, service or vendor:

A mention is not an endorsement, certification or recommendation, and criticism is not an allegation of wrongdoing beyond what the article states;
Specifications, prices, availability and terms are those we found at the time of writing and change frequently; confirm them with the vendor;
Where we have received a product, access, briefing or hospitality from a company we write about, we disclose it in the article;
Comparisons reflect our assessment on the information available and are not a substitute for your own evaluation against your own requirements.

6. External links

The Site links extensively to third-party material so that readers can verify our reporting. We do not control those sites and are not responsible for their content, accuracy, availability, legality, security or privacy practices. A link is not an endorsement of the linked site, its operator, or anything it says. Links may break or come to point at different content over time. Your use of a linked site is at your own risk and subject to that site’s own terms.

7. Advertising, affiliate links and sponsored content

The Site may carry advertising, affiliate links and, from time to time, sponsored content.

Labelling. Sponsored content is clearly identified on the page where it appears. Pages containing affiliate links disclose that fact.
Affiliate commissions. If you purchase through an affiliate link we may receive a commission from the seller. The price you pay is not affected.
Editorial independence. Commercial arrangements do not buy coverage, a favourable angle, prior sight of an article, approval over its contents, or the suppression of unfavourable reporting. An advertiser has no more influence over our editorial judgment than a reader does.
Advertiser responsibility. Advertisements are the responsibility of the advertiser. We do not verify advertisers’ claims, we do not endorse advertised products, and we are not a party to any transaction between you and an advertiser. Complaints about an advertisement should be directed to the advertiser, though we would like to hear about it too.

8. Reader comments and user contributions

Comments and other material submitted by readers express the views of the people who post them, not of Ciber Media. We moderate but do not endorse, verify or adopt reader contributions, and to the fullest extent permitted by law we accept no responsibility or liability for them. See section 6 of our Terms & Conditions.

9. Third-party names and trademarks

Company names, product names, trademarks, logos and screenshots appearing on the Site belong to their respective owners and are used for identification, reporting, review and commentary — a use permitted under fair dealing and fair use principles. Their appearance does not imply any affiliation with, sponsorship by, endorsement from or approval by those owners.

10. Use of artificial intelligence in our production process

We use AI tools at some stages of production — research assistance, drafting support and copy editing. Every article is reviewed by a person before publication, and the sources cited are checked against the original material. Responsibility for what we publish is ours, regardless of the tools involved. AI tools can and do produce plausible-sounding errors; our verification process is designed to catch them, and our corrections policy exists for the cases where it does not.

11. No warranties

TO THE FULLEST EXTENT PERMITTED BY APPLICABLE LAW, THE SITE AND ALL CONTENT ARE PROVIDED WITHOUT WARRANTY OR CONDITION OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS, IMPLIED OR STATUTORY, INCLUDING THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES AND CONDITIONS OF MERCHANTABILITY, MERCHANTABLE QUALITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE, ACCURACY, TITLE AND NON-INFRINGEMENT. WE DO NOT WARRANT THAT THE SITE WILL BE AVAILABLE, UNINTERRUPTED, SECURE OR FREE OF HARMFUL COMPONENTS.

12. Limitation of liability

TO THE FULLEST EXTENT PERMITTED BY APPLICABLE LAW, CIBER MEDIA AND ITS OWNERS, EDITORS, CONTRIBUTORS AND AGENTS ACCEPT NO LIABILITY FOR ANY LOSS OR DAMAGE — DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, CONSEQUENTIAL, EXEMPLARY OR PUNITIVE — ARISING FROM YOUR USE OF, OR RELIANCE ON, ANYTHING PUBLISHED ON THE SITE, INCLUDING ANY LOSS OF PROFITS, REVENUE, DATA, BUSINESS OR GOODWILL, WHETHER OR NOT WE WERE ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH LOSS.

Section 12 of our Terms & Conditions sets out the applicable liability cap and the exceptions to it. Nothing in this Disclaimer excludes or limits liability that cannot lawfully be excluded, and if you are a consumer, your statutory rights are unaffected.

13. Jurisdiction

The Site is operated from Ontario, Canada, and is not directed at any jurisdiction where its publication or availability would be unlawful. If you access the Site from elsewhere, you do so on your own initiative and are responsible for compliance with local law. This Disclaimer is governed by the laws of the Province of Ontario and the federal laws of Canada applicable in Ontario.

14. Changes

We may update this Disclaimer. The “last updated” date above will change when we do, and the version posted at the time of your use applies to that use.

15. Contact

Questions about this Disclaimer, or a correction request: [email protected]
Ciber Media, Toronto, Ontario, Canada